Byzantine Empire
The surviving eastern Roman Empire during the medieval centuries. Capital was Constantinople, first ruled by Constantine. This Empire flourished after the western Roman Empire fell and crumbled to the nomads and barbarians.
Territories the Byzantine Empire had expanded to and conquered during Justinian's reign and after the time of his death.
Territories the Byzantine Empire had expanded to and conquered during Justinian's reign and after the time of his death.
Constantinople
New capital city for the Eastern half of the Roman Empire, made in 330 C.E by the Eastern Roman Emperor Constantine, this was a major city for trade between Europe and Middle East and many empires took control over it at multiple times in history.
Shows where Constantinople is in the modern map and from how it was made to the capital of the Roman Empire.
Shows where Constantinople is in the modern map and from how it was made to the capital of the Roman Empire.
Justinian
Byzantine emperor noted for his short lived reconquest of much of the former Western Roman Empire and for his codification of Roman law, influenced by his wife to do so, instead of fleeing the city after the rebels and uprising forces.
Picture of the Byzantine emperor Justinian(left) and his wife Theodora(right).
Picture of the Byzantine emperor Justinian(left) and his wife Theodora(right).
Caesaropapism
A political religious system in which the secular ruler is also head of the religious establishment. The Religious leader also became the political leader and had a lot of power, all in a political and religious system.
"Emperor and Priest", showing how one leader was both the religious and political leader in a place, in this case Byzantium.
"Emperor and Priest", showing how one leader was both the religious and political leader in a place, in this case Byzantium.
Eastern orthodox christianity
Branch of Christianity that developed in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire and gradually separated from the branch of Christianity dominant in Western Europe, started thanks to Constantine.
Symbol of the Byzantium and Russian Orthodox Christianity, which was in the East.
Symbol of the Byzantium and Russian Orthodox Christianity, which was in the East.
Icons
Images or pictures taken from the Greeks where it or the icons represented certain things or scenes , and such things, mostly focused on religion.
A Byzantine icon of the virgin Mary.
A Byzantine icon of the virgin Mary.
kievan rus
State that emerged around the city of Kiev in the 9th century; a culturally diverse region that included vikings as well as Finnic and Baltic peoples. United as a whole after finding a common religion to be under.
The border and limits of the Kievan Rus Empire in the 11th century C.E.
The border and limits of the Kievan Rus Empire in the 11th century C.E.
Prince Vladimir of kiev
Converted Kievan Rus to Christianity and led to the incorporation of Russia into the sphere of Eastern Orthodoxy, and with this he wholly united Rus.
A drawning of Prince Vladimir, who tried to politically united the Kievan Rus Empire.
A drawning of Prince Vladimir, who tried to politically united the Kievan Rus Empire.
Charlemagne
Ruler of the Carolingian empire who staged an imperial revival in Western Europe. Was renamed the Roman Emperor by the Pope, since the Popes had the power to do so.
Picture/ painting of Charlemagne, renamed as the Roman Emperor by the Pope.
Picture/ painting of Charlemagne, renamed as the Roman Emperor by the Pope.
holy roman empire
Founded by Otto, the Germanic nomadic people settled in and called themselves the Holy Roman Empire after their success.
Borders and limits of the Holy Roman Empire, founded by Otto.
Borders and limits of the Holy Roman Empire, founded by Otto.
ROman catholic church
Western European branch of Christianity that gradually defined itself as separate from Eastern Orthodoxy, with a major break and it still has not been healed. This was the religion that took part in Western Euopean, distinctly from Western Rome.
A Roman Catholic church, focused on paintings of religious figures such as Saints and the virgin Mary.
A Roman Catholic church, focused on paintings of religious figures such as Saints and the virgin Mary.
western christendom
After the Western Roman Empire collapsed, Western Europe fell into city states and kingdoms that fought each other for power, usually the people who made these new kingdoms were barbarians, nomads and invaders such as the Germanic people the Romans had long feared.
Map of Western Europe and the kingdoms that were feared by the Romans.
Map of Western Europe and the kingdoms that were feared by the Romans.
crusades
The holy wars waged by Western Christendom until the end of the Middle Ages, in hope to get their holy lands back, led in 3 waves and inspired by the Pope.
Picture of Christian knights/ crusaders riding into battle in hope for victory for their Pope and their religion.
Picture of Christian knights/ crusaders riding into battle in hope for victory for their Pope and their religion.
european cities system of competing states
Western Europe fell in competing city states after the Western Roman Empire fell to the nomadic, barbarians and Germanic people. This is where feudalism started to show up.
Battle between two city states in Europe for power, very common during the medieval times, this was a system that led up to serfdom, knights and feudalism.
Battle between two city states in Europe for power, very common during the medieval times, this was a system that led up to serfdom, knights and feudalism.
aristotle and classic greek learning
In the 11th century C.E, Aristotle's work and Greek learning became wide known in over Western Europe, and this shaped the intelligence and intellects of Western European history. Western Europeans took the thoughts of Aristotle and adopted them.
Sculpture of Aristotle in which the Western Europeans became fond of his ideas and thoughts and adopted them.
Sculpture of Aristotle in which the Western Europeans became fond of his ideas and thoughts and adopted them.