Decolonization: A process that started with many of African and Asian countries that were colonized, slowly started to revolt and gain independence from their European rulers. Some of it was peaceful through negotiations with political reforms, investments but some ended up being a little violent.
The decolonization of African and Asian countries.
The decolonization of African and Asian countries.
Indian National Congress: An organization that was created in India in 1885 by wealthy, educated and middle- high ranking Indians in effort to gain a voice in the political party and frame of India for governance, took forever but became popular and came into a stronger effect with Gandhi as a leader and gained independence from Great Britain.
Flag of the Indian National Congress.
Flag of the Indian National Congress.
Mahatma Gandhi: Also called "Great Soul", Gandhi who was born in 1869 became a political leader for the drive and effort to lead India to independence from Great Britain. Was part of the Indian National Congress, was well educated, became a lawyer, married at age 13, but still witnessed some racial inequality by the British.
A picture/portrait of of Gandhi.
A picture/portrait of of Gandhi.
Satyagraha: Meant to be translated to "Truth Force" it was Gandhi's political point of view and philosophy, which made Indians confront, challenge and go against the British government in India, but in a non violent way and through non violent actions.
Salting the Lion's tail, one of Gandhi's Satyagraha methods.
Salting the Lion's tail, one of Gandhi's Satyagraha methods.
Muslim League: The Muslim league in India that was created in 1906, and was also part of the struggle of India's Independence with Great Britain and took a part of the Indian National Congress in some bits, and led to the formation of a new country/nation called Pakistan, after some arguments.
The Muslim League Flag.
The Muslim League Flag.
Muhammad Ali Jinnah: He was the leader of India's Muslim League, which in fact was all Muslims, and then became the first president and political leader of Pakistan, the new country/nation.
A picture/portrait of Muhammad Ali Jinnah with the Muslim League flag.
A picture/portrait of Muhammad Ali Jinnah with the Muslim League flag.
African National Congress: A political party that was established in South Africa in the year 1912 by wealthy, elite and educated Africans. Their purpose was to make South Africa free and gain democratic Independence from the Europeans and as time went by it gained popularity and finally ruled over South Africa in 1994.
The flag of the African National Congress.
The flag of the African National Congress.
Nelson Mandela: He was a major head figure and leader for the movement against the European government in South Africa and became the leader of the African National Congress. He was put in prison for 27 years, but was freed in effort to restore peace in South African but only led to the European government being overthrown and then he became the president of South Africa through election in 1994.
A picture/portrait of Nelson Mandela.
A picture/portrait of Nelson Mandela.
Black Consciousness: An effort to restore pride within African political awareness and unity in South Africa while at the same time looked to be somewhat violent to the white minority rule and elites in South Africa.
Steve Biko, the man who founded Consciousness movements, with a quote.
Steve Biko, the man who founded Consciousness movements, with a quote.
Soweto: In this neighborhood in South Africa, a violent uprising/revolt occur in 1976 that led to the death of hundreds of people and this helped inspire and support the movement against the European government but with violent strikes, protests and actions.
A picture showing the massacre at Soweto.
A picture showing the massacre at Soweto.
Democracy in Africa: With the help of decolonization in Africa, they became free but their political frame became bad, often led to poor economies, military rule/coups, and were taken over by single parties that had dominance. This somewhat showed people that Africans were not ready for democracy and that they could not handle or support it.
Map showing Africa finally being democratic.
Map showing Africa finally being democratic.
Economic Development: A risk and effort taken by many countries and nations that were developing to grow their economy, increase living standards, increase production, and this proved that poverty that inevitable everywhere.
Picture showing people in a struggle and effort to make their economy good, economy being the building.
Picture showing people in a struggle and effort to make their economy good, economy being the building.
Kemal Ataturk: The founder and the first present of modern day Turkey, he was a military leader, who started a nationalistic movement on the Ottoman Empire and became the leader of it to turn the Ottoman Empire into Turkey. He forced some laws that were restrictions on Islam, making Islam a private way of life and did this in an effort to catch up with European countries and make Turkey more European like.
Picture of Ataturk with the Turkish flag.
Picture of Ataturk with the Turkish flag.
Ayatollah Khomeini: A Shia ( also known as a high ranking scholar of the Islamic law and religion) , who led Iran's Islamic revolution in an effort to rest Iran in a way that it was full on based on Islam, where public and private life involved the faith of Islam and ruled over Iran from 1979 to 1989.
A picture/portrait of Ayatollah Khomeini.
A picture/portrait of Ayatollah Khomeini.